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Back to Immunizations
Planning to travel outside of the United States? First, plan a visit to Saint Mary's Health & Wellness for an international travel consultation to learn about health precautions and to receive recommended immunizations for the country you plan to visit. Saint Mary's is the largest provider of travel immunizations in Northern Nevada, with experienced nurses in the field of travel health information. Many diseases that are no longer a concern in our country may pose a risk to international travelers.
If you are planning a trip to Africa, Asia, Europe, Mexico or other international destination, you may need to update your current immunizations or receive additional vaccines not usually needed in the United States.
To help you stay healthy on your trip, schedule a travel immunization office visit through Saint Mary's Health & Wellness by calling (775) 770-7100. This appointment with a registered nurse includes a health history review, administration of immunizations, if needed. A certified immunization record and destination-specific travel health information are also provided.
The following immunizations are available:
- Typhoid
- Polio - IPV
- Yellow Fever
- Japanese Encephalitis
- Hepatitis A
- Hepatitis B
- Meningococcal
- Pneumococcal
- Varicella (chicken pox)
- Tetanus (Td) and Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR)
Just as you plan what to pack and what sites to see, you should also plan for your travel health needs well in advance of your trip. Remember that vaccines and travel medications should begin at least two months prior to departure to ensure full protection so make your appointment as soon as possible.
Cost for the office visit is $60 plus vaccine(s). Payment is due at the time of your appointment by cash, check or credit card.
For employers, we can also bring this program directly to your workplace for convenient vaccination of your employees. We look forward to meeting your travel immunization needs!
Possible Diseases You May Acquire Through International Travel
Cholera
Acute bacterial intestinal disease that is acquired by the consumption of contaminated food, water or milk. Most common source is raw or undercooked shellfish. Severe dehydrating diarrhea can occur.
Diphtheria
Acute bacterial disease characterized by sore throat, hoarseness, nasal drainage, fever and a gray adherent "membrane" most often in the pharynx.
Haemophilus Influenza
Bacterial infection that can cause meningitis and other severe bacterial illnesses (i.e., pneumonia, blood infections, etc.) Usually acquired by respiratory droplet spread. Infants and young children at higher risk.
Hepatitis A
A viral infection of the liver characterized by fever, malaise, nausea, vomiting and jaundice. Acquired generally through fecal contamination and oral ingestion. Transmission is facilitated by poor personal hygiene, poor sanitation and intimate contact (household or sexual); blood-borne transmission is possible via transfusion or contaminated blood products. Disease usually does not last longer than two months. Once infected, a person is considered to have lifelong immunity. Relapsing hepatitis can occur; fulminant hepatitis is rare; chronic form does not occur.
Hepatitis B
Viral disease of the liver via exposure to contaminated blood, blood products and through sexual contact with infected people; can also be transmitted during birth. The acute phase can last up to a few months. Symptoms can include a lack of appetite, fatigue, muscle joint or stomach pain, vomiting, diarrhea and yellow skin/eyes. The disease may become chronic and can result in liver disease, cancer or death.
Influenza
Highly contagious viral disease of respiratory tract, transmitted through airborne droplets or direct contact. Sudden onset of fever, chills, myalgia, headache, sore throat and nonproductive cough.
Japanese Encephalitis
Viral encephalitis transmitted by the bite of mosquitoes. Characterized by fever, chills, headache, nausea, vomiting and neurological symptoms. 25% fatality, and 30% have residual neurologic deficits. Only 11 cases were reported in Americans between 1981 and 1992.
Measles
Highly contagious acute, systemic, febrile disease characterized by cough, conjunctivitis, runny nose, rash and koplik spots in the throat. Spread through airborne droplets or direct contact with infectious nasal secretions.
Meningococcal Meningitis
Acute bacterial infection acquired through upper respiratory tract via inhalation of airborne droplets, kissing or contact with objects that are freshly soiled by an infected carrier's nasal secretions. Carriers capable of disease transmission for about 6 months; characterized by rapid onset, fever, chills, weakness and rash. Most common in children younger than 5 years of age.
Mumps
Contagious systemic disease exhibited by swollen salivary glands. Common in school age children. Serious if contracted as an adult. Can lead to hearing loss, meningitis or swollen testicles.
Pertussis (Whooping Cough)
Highly communicable bacterial infection characterized by mild upper respiratory symptoms followed by paroxysms or coughing. High fatality rate in infants. They have a hard time eating, drinking or breathing. Pneumonia, seizures, brain damage or death can occur.
Poliomyelitis
A viral disease spread through fecal-oral or oral-oral (respiratory) contact. Paralysis can occur.
Pneumococcal Disease
Bacterial infection transmitted via airborne droplets and direct contact from infected person. Can lead to serious infections of lungs, blood and covering of brain.
Rubella
Mild infectious disease with generalized enlarged lymph glands, rash, slight fever. Severe birth defects or death are associated with congenital rubella.
Tetanus (Lockjaw)
An acute, bacterial and often fatal disease. Bacteria are found in human and animal feces, soil street dust, skin surfaces and contaminated street drugs. Transmission occurs via wounds, burn and punctures. There is no natural immunity.
Typhoid
A bacterial infection of the digestive tract, contracted by ingestion of contaminated food and water. The bacteria are shed in feces for 6 weeks to 3 months after infection. Some persons remain infectious as chronic carriers.
Varicella (Chicken Pox)
Highly contagious viral infection spread person to person by sneezing, coughing or fluid from burst blisters. Complications can be bacterial skin infections, pneumonia, dehydration, encephalitis or hepatitis. Shingles can occur years later.
Yellow Fever
Viral disease of the liver, transmitted by the bite of several species of mosquitoes. Symptoms can range from flu-like syndromes to severe hepatitis and hemorrhagic fever.
Potential Vaccine Reactions
Cholera
Vaccination often results in discomfort at the site of injection for one to two days. Fever, fatigue and headache may accompany local reaction. Individuals who should not receive the vaccine:
- under six months of age
- allergic to veal or phenol
- severe reaction to previous cholera vaccination
- pregnant
- seizures
DTaP (Diphtheria, tetanus, acellular Pertussis)
Common local reactions include redness and induration at the injection site, with or without tenderness. Occasionally, a nodule may be palpable at the injection site for several weeks. Fever, anorexia, drowsiness and irritability occur frequently. Individuals who should not receive the vaccine:
- history of encephalopathy not due to another identifiable cause, occurring with 7 days of previous dose of DTaP/DTP
Haemophilus Influenza
Fever and local reactions occur in 25% of recipients, but usually lasts less than 24 hours. Local reactions include erythema, induration and pain. Individuals who should not receive the vaccine:
- infants less than 6 weeks of age
Hepatitis A
Generally mild and limited to soreness at the injection site. Occasionally headaches, malaise and fever occur within 12 hours of injection. Individuals who should not receive the vaccine:
- under two years of age
- hypersensitivities to alum or the preservative 2-phenoxyethanol
Hepatitis B
Pain at the site of injection & fever are common, may also experience tenderness, redness, and/or itching at the injection site, headache and nausea. Individuals who should not receive the vaccine:
- hypersensitivity to brewers yeast
Influenza
Most common side effect is soreness at the injection site for up to two days. Fever, malaise and muscle pain may occur 6-12 hours after vaccination and continue for 1 - 2 days. Individuals who should not receive the vaccine: a
- anaphylaxis or proven sensitivity to egg or egg protein
- anaphylactic hypersensitivity to neomycin or polymyxin, gentamycin or other aminoglycosides, or streptomycin or sulfites
- severe reaction to a previous Influenza vaccination
Injectable Typhoid
Vaccination often results in discomfort at the site of injection for 1 to 2 days. Occasionally headaches, malaise, chills and fever, within 24 hours. Individuals who should not receive the injectable vaccine:
- children under 2 years of age
- severe reaction to a previous TyphumVi Ty2 vaccination
- pregnant
Japanese Encephalitis
Localized redness & tenderness at injection site. Mild systemic reactions: headache, malaise, muscle aching & fever. In most cases reactions are delayed 12 hours to days later. Individuals who should not receive the vaccine:
- under one year of age
- persons with leukemia, lymphoma, HIV infection, or other alignancies severe reaction to previous Japanese Encephalitis immunization
- persons with cardiac (hear), renal (kidney), or hepatic (liver) disorders
- pregnant
MMR (Measles, Mumps, Rubella)
Mild fever and transient rash beginning about 7 to 10 days after vaccination and lasting 1 - 2 days. Individuals who should not receive the vaccine:
- allergy to chicken, eggs or neomycin
- recent administration of IG. Vaccination should be administered at least 14 days before IG or may be deferred up to 11 months after IG
- generalized cancer, lymphoma or leukemia
- taking steroids, alkylating drugs, antimetabolites or radiation
Meningococcal Meningitis
Generally mild and limited to redness or tenderness at site of injection. Occasionally headaches, malaise, chills and fever are reported. Individuals who should not receive the vaccine:
- under 2 years of age
- pregnant
- lactose intolerance
Oral & Injectable Polio
VAPP (vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis) is a possible side effect of oral polio, occurring in approximately 1 in every 2.4 million doses of oral polio distributed. Individuals who should not receive the injectable polio vaccine:
- history of anaphylactic reaction to neomycin, polymyxin B or streptomycin
Oral Typhoid
Children & adults may experience abdominal pain, diarrhea, vomiting, fever, headache & skin rash. These reactions are infrequent, short-lived and resolve without medical intervention. Individuals who should not receive the oral vaccine:
- children under 6 years of age
- hypersensitivity to beef
- febrile or gastrointestinal illness
- dextrose or galactose sensitivity
- pregnant
- breastfeeding
- lowered immune system
Pneumococcocal
Mild side effects, such as pain, swelling and redness at the injection site, commonly occur. It is very uncommon to have more serious side effects, such as fever, myalgia, or severe local or systemic reactions. Individuals who should not receive the vaccine:
- history of anaphylactic reaction to a previous dose of the vaccine
Td (Tetanus/Diphtheria)
Vaccination often results in discomfort at the site of injection for 1 to 2 days. A nodule may be palpable for several weeks, but it will be self resolving. Individuals who should not receive the vaccine:
- history of neurologic reaction following a previous dose
Varicella (Chicken Pox)
Side effects are mild and may include redness, induration, swelling and pain at the injection site or fever. A varicella-like rash occurs in 3 - 6% of vaccines (local reaction appears within 2 days, systemic within 2-3 weeks). Considered contagious until sores crust over. Individuals who should not receive the vaccine:
- anaphylactic reaction to neomycin or gelatin
- active untreated tuberculosis
Yellow Fever
Generally mild. 5-10% of vaccines have mild headache, muscle aches, low-grade fever, or other minor symptoms 5 to 10 days after injection. Individuals who should not receive the vaccine:
- under nine months of age
- allergy to eggs or chicken
- generalized cancer, leukemia or lymphoma
- taking steroids, alkylating drugs, antimetabolites, or radiation
- pregnant
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